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蒋小翼、王志伟 | 《BBNJ协定》下的紧急海洋保护区: 应对国家管辖范围以外海域紧急情况的可行方案?

蒋小翼、王志伟 法眼看南海
2024-09-06

《BBNJ 协定》下的紧急海洋保护区:

应对国家管辖范围以外海域紧急情况的可行方案?






声明

Announcement



    本文发表于《海洋开发与国际法》(Ocean Development & International Law),题目是“《BBNJ 协定》下的紧急海洋保护区:应对国家管辖范围以外海域紧急情况的可行方案?”(Emergency Marine Protected Areas Under the BBNJ Agreement: A Feasible Solution for Emergencies in ABNJ?)。限于篇幅仅推送摘要,本文仅代表作者观点,不代表平台立场。如需全文,请点击文末“阅读原文”下载。


作者简介

About the Authors


蒋小翼

Xiaoyi Jiang

武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院教授


王志伟

Zhiwei Wang

武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院硕士研究生


摘要

Abstract


紧急海洋保护区,是指在正式海洋保护区建立之前指定的一种立即生效的临时性划区管理工具(ABMT)。目前,海洋环境日益受到突发极端事件的威胁。但是,由于冗长耗时的设立程序以及来自竞争利益的阻碍,正式的海洋保护区并不是提供紧急响应的理想工具。《联合国海洋法公约》等国际协定无法为应对国家管辖范围以外各种不可预见的极端事件提供全面解决方案。针对该现状,发展紧急海洋保护区由此被提出。BBNJ 协定纳入了有关在国家管辖范围以外地区采取紧急措施的条款。本文得出结论,建立紧急海洋保护区是应对突发海洋环境事件的有效途径。BBNJ 协定协定为在国家管辖范围以外实施紧急海洋保护区提供了希望。此外,在气候变化的背景下,针对极端气候事件后的海洋生态系统恢复问题,紧急海洋保护区将有望以更加及时和灵活的方式发挥重要作用。

An emergency marine protected area (EMPA) refers to a type of area-based management tool (ABMT) designated on an interim basis with immediate effect, pending the establishment of formal marine protected areas (MPAs). The marine environment is currently under an increasing threat of abrupt extreme events. However, formal MPAs are not an ideal tool to render an emergency response owing to their time-consuming procedures for adoption and hindrance from competing interests. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and other international agreements cannot provide a comprehensive solution to combat various unforeseeable extreme events. Facing this situation, the development of an EMPA is proposed. The BBNJ Agreement includes an article providing for emergency measures in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). It concludes that establishing EMPAs could be an effective solution to marine environmental emergencies. The new Agreement offers hope for implementing EMPAs in ABNJ. In addition, EMPAs are expected to play an important role in ecosystem recovery after climatic extreme events in a timely and flexible manner in the context of climate change.


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“法眼看南海”由暨南大学法学院/知识产权学院讲师徐奇副教授及其团队运营,旨在介绍和分析国际法和南海问题有关的信息动态和名家学说



联系邮箱:xuqi2019@jnu.edu.cn


图文编辑 | 陈嘉怡  暨南大学法学院/知识产权学院研究生

审校 | 徐奇 暨南大学法学院/知识产权学院副教授


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